Geographic physical features include landforms, bodies of water, terrains, and ecosystems that exist naturally on the planet Earth’s topography. In addition to natural characteristics, geographic features may include engineered features and human settlements that are created by humans. Cartographic features are the third category of geographic features. It includes features that are not real and technically do not exist, but are generally acknowledged and designated for study, navigation, and reference purposes.
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Landforms
Landforms are physical elements that comprise the natural landscape of the Earth. Mountains, plains, plateaus, and hills are the four major landforms. Nevertheless, there are numerous minor ones, such as canyons, valleys, caverns, and buttes. Nepal’s Mount Everest is the tallest mountain on Earth. It’s height is 29,035 feet.
based on National Geographic. At roughly 7 miles below sea level, the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean is the deepest landform on Earth.
Surfaces of Water
In addition to being physical aspects of geography, bodies of water are also considered landforms. They actually cover more surface area than land. About 71% of the Earth’s surface consists of water in some form.
the United States Geological Survey reports. This classification encompasses oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, canals, and glaciers. Bodies of water can be either saltwater or freshwater and can be of any size, so long as they are permanent topographic features. The Pacific Ocean is the world’s largest body of water, containing more than half of the planet’s water and nearly twice the size of the Atlantic Ocean.
Terrains
Terrains, which are expanses of land that make up a certain geographical area and are typically defined by its features, are also considered physical features. A terrain may be horizontal or vertical, and its characteristics may influence its weather, climate, and water movement. Deserts, canyons, woods, marshes, tundras, hills, and mountains are some forms of topography.
Ecosystems
In geography, ecosystems may also be considered physical characteristics. An ecosystem is essentially a region composed of numerous components, such as animals, plants, creatures, weather, landscapes, landforms, bodies of water, and topography.
While ecosystems may contain both living and nonliving components, National Geographic refers to them as “bubbles of life.” A coral reef, a rainforest, a prairie, grassland, or a tundra are examples of ecosystems.
Engineered Elements
Many geographical features are natural, but some are man-made. Included among these are highways, airports, dams, buildings, bridges, and railroads.
Human Settlements
Settlements, or human communities, may also be considered artificial geographical features. This can include neighbourhoods, municipalities, villages, towns, cities, counties, townships, parishes, and census-designated areas.
Geographical Attributes
Although cartographic characteristics are not physical features, they play a significant role in the study of geography. Although you can’t touch them and they don’t actually exist, they are used on maps and in navigation and are commonly acknowledged worldwide. The equator and the lines of latitude and longitude are examples of this type of feature.
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